Mathematical Modeling of Vulcanization Characteristics

It is often useful to describe vulcanization reaction kinetics in terms of a mathematical model so that curing behavior may be predicted for different heat histories. Commonly used models for describing the vulcanization process are reviewed and discussed. Emphasis is placed on mathematical relationships between nth-order, Deng-Isayev, Sestak-Berggren and Kamal models. Although these models are versatile and appear capable of fitting the salient characteristics of rubber vulcanization, some care in their use is needed. Users should be guided by their understanding of the mathematical forms of the various models and the behavior of their materials.