Overview of Tire Rolling Friction

Tire rotation is impeded by a frictional force which can vary from about 5% to as much as 30% of wheel load depending on tire type and internal construction features, cord and rubber material properties, as well as road surface and tire-vehicle operating conditions. Rolling friction is just one of several energy dissipating mechanisms that adversely impacts vehicle fuel consumption. The disparate reasons for the ongoing reduction of tire rolling resistance since the advent of the automobile are reviewed. The potential for further reductions in tire rolling friction and the possible compromising impact on competing tire performance parameters is discussed.